What is the French plan 17?
What is the French plan 17?
The French General Staff had first developed Plan XVII in 1911. It involved a major offensive by the French armies across Alsace-Lorraine into the main German industrial areas. The French General Staff calculated that any German offensive would be launched from that area.
How did the levee en masse change the French armies?
An effect of the levée en masse was the creation of a national army in France, made up of citizens, rather than an all-professional army, as was the standard practice of the time. Its main result, protecting French borders against all enemies, surprised and shocked Europe.
What was Maximilien Robespierre responsible for?
Maximilien Robespierre, the architect of the French Revolution’s Reign of Terror, is overthrown and arrested by the National Convention. As the leading member of the Committee of Public Safety from 1793, Robespierre encouraged the execution, mostly by guillotine, of more than 17,000 enemies of the Revolution.
What was plan 19 in ww1?
During 1910, Russian General Yuri Danilov developed “Plan 19” under which four armies would invade East Prussia. This plan was criticised as Austria-Hungary could be a greater threat than the German Empire.
Who created Plan 17?
In 1913 General Ferdinand Foch and General Joseph Joffre devised a strategic plan for the invasion of Germany. Plan 17 proposed French Army advances into Lorraine and Ardennes. On the outbreak of the First World War, the French Army carried out Plan 17.
Why was the levée en masse created?
LEVÉE EN MASSE The levée en masse was decreed on 23 August 1793 as an emergency measure to raise the manpower that the generals believed they needed if they were to throw off the danger of invasion and save the patrie en danger.
Who was Robespierre describe any four steps taken by him to bring equality?
Maximilian Robespierre was the leader of Jacobins club which was the most successful political culb formed after 1789. Laws were issued placing a maximum ceiling on wages and prices. Meat and bread were rationed. Peasants were forced to sell grain at fixed prices by the government.
What was Germany’s plan called in WW1?
The Schlieffen Plan
The Schlieffen Plan, devised a decade before the start of World War I, was a failed strategy for Germany to win World War I. The Schlieffen Plan, devised a decade before the start of World War I, outlined a strategy for Germany to avoid fighting at its eastern and western fronts simultaneously.
What was the purpose of Plan XVII?
It was a plan for the mobilisation, concentration and deployment of the French armies and it made possible an invasion of Germany or Belgium or both before Germany completed the mobilisation of its reserves and simultaneous to an allied Russian offensive.
Why did Britain protect Belgium?
The British government made much of their duty to protect Belgium. Belgium’s ports were close to the British coast and German control of Belgium would have been seen as a serious threat to Britain. In the end, Britain refused to ignore the events of 4 August 1914, when Germany attacked France through Belgium.