What is dendritic cell migration?
What is dendritic cell migration?
Abstract. Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells endowed with the unique ability to prime T-cell responses. To present foreign antigens to na ive T cells, dendritic cells must migrate from inflamed or injured peripheral tissues to the closest draining lymph nodes through afferent lymphatic vessels.
What causes dendritic cells to migrate?
Uptake of foreign antigen induces DC maturation which enables them to migrate to the lymph nodes via lymphatic vessels [16, 17]. Once activated, DCs migrate to enter lymphatic vessels to traffic to lymphoid tissues where they must identify and activate their cognate T cells to initiate adaptive immunity [18, 19].
How do immature dendritic cells mature?
Migration rates of immature and mature DCs Once immature DCs phagocytize foreign molecules and become matured, the phenotypically and functionally mature DCs start to migrate in response to chemokines that are secreted from the lymph nodes, where the mature DCs then interact with naive T cells.
What do immature dendritic cells do?
For bacterial and viral infections, the immature dendritic cells (iDCs) derived from the bone marrow and residing in peripheral tissues are recruited to the inflamed site by pathogen signals. They capture foreign antigens and undergo maturation and migration to secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes (LNs) [3].
Where are immature dendritic cells found?
Dendritic cells are found in tissue that has contact with the outside environment such as the over the skin (present as Langerhans cells) and in the linings of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. Immature forms are also found in the blood.
How do dendritic cells travel?
Dendritic cells (DCs) travel through lymphatic vessels to transport antigens and present them to T cells in lymph nodes. DCs move directionally toward lymphatics by virtue of their CCR7 and a CCL21 chemotactic gradient.
Where do dendritic cells migrate?
What causes dendritic cell maturation?
A variety of factors can induce maturation following antigen uptake and processing within DCs, including: whole bacteria or bacterial-derived antigens (e.g. lipopolysaccharide, LPS), inflammatory cytokines, ligation of select cell surface receptors (e.g. CD40) and viral products (e.g. double-stranded RNA).
What is the main function of dendritic cells?
Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous family of immune cells that link innate and adaptive immunity. The main function of these innate cells is to capture, process, and present antigens to adaptive immune cells and mediate their polarization into effector cells (1).
What are dendritic cells and what do they do?
A special type of immune cell that is found in tissues, such as the skin, and boosts immune responses by showing antigens on its surface to other cells of the immune system. A dendritic cell is a type of phagocyte and a type of antigen-presenting cell (APC).
Do dendritic cells travel in the blood?
They are also present in lymphoid tissues, including the lymph nodes and spleen. To migrate to these locations, DCs travel via the blood or in lymph vessels.
Are dendritic cells good?
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that link innate and adaptive immunity and are critical for the induction of protective immune responses against pathogens.