What causes oral Melanoacanthoma?
What causes oral Melanoacanthoma?
The cause of melanoacanthoma is unknown, but most instances appear to represent a benign neoplasm. Irritation or trauma to the skin may cause some cutaneous melanoacanthomas, especially on the lips. Trauma and irritation of the oral mucosa are believed to cause oral melanoacanthoma.
What causes Laugier Hunziker syndrome?
The cause of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is unknown. It does not appear to run in families, although there has been one reported case involving a mother and two daughters with the condition. The syndrome occurs in early- to mid-adult life and affects both males and females.
What is Laugier Hunziker syndrome?
INTRODUCTION. Laugier–Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is an idiopathic macular hyperpigmentation of skin characterized by brownish black spots on oral mucosa including lips associated with longitudinal melanonychia of nails.
What causes pigmentation in mouth?
Skin discoloration around the mouth is caused by excess melanin production in your skin. Hormonal changes, medications, and sun exposure are related to hyperpigmentation. Nutritional deficiencies, skin trauma, and other medical conditions may also cause skin discoloration.
What is oral Melanotic Macule?
The oral melanotic macule (MM) is a small, well-circumscribed brown-to-black macule that occurs on the lips and mucous membranes. The etiology is not clear and it may represent a physiologic or reactive process. The average age of presentation is 43 years, with a female predilection.
What is labial Melanotic Macule?
Oral melanotic macule is a non-cancerous (benign), dark spot found on the lips or inside the mouth. An oral melanotic macule found on the lip is sometimes called a labial melanotic macule.
How common is Laugier Hunziker syndrome?
Abstract. Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare benign condition characterized by diffuse oral hyperpigmentation associated with pigmentation of the nails. The syndrome must be included in the differential diagnosis of diffuse oral pigmentation to exclude other conditions with systemic implications.
What causes longitudinal Melanonychia?
Longitudinal melanonychia can result from an overproduction of melanin (skin pigment) or an increase in melanocytes (pigment cells). These increases in melanin or melanocytes can occur for many reasons ranging from harmless growths to injuries, infections, or cancer.
What is oral Melanosis?
Oral melanosis is benign pigmentary lesion of oral mucosa. It is seen more often in smokers. Though it is clinically asymptomatic, but remains a matter of concern to rule out underlying malignancy.
What is mucosal Melanosis?
Abstract. Background: Melanosis (lentiginosis, labial melanotic macula) is a benign pigmented lesion of mucosa characterized by pigmentation of basal keratinocytes with melanocytic normal or slightly increased in number.
What does a Melanotic Macule look like?
An oral melanotic macule appears as a solitary, flat, tan-to-dark-brown spot usually less than 7 mm in diameter. It has a well-defined border and a uniform color. People can have more than one oral melanotic macule.
What causes an oral Melanotic Macule?
Pigmentation around your mouth may be melanotic macules, but may also be the result of: Inherited pigmentation. Hormonal fluctuations, imbalance, or dysfunction. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
Do labial Melanotic macules go away?
Most dark spots on the lips or inside the mouth are benign oral melanotic macules. Usually, your doctor will observe the lesion by measuring it, by taking a photograph of it, or both. As long as the oral melanotic macule stays stable in size, shape, and color, no treatment is needed.
What is the difference between melanoma and melanonychia?
The most serious disease of the nail unit, melanoma, primarily presents with melanonychia. However, melanonychia most often occurs as a result of benign etiologies such as nail matrix melanocytic activation, nail matrix melanocytic hyperplasia, and nail invasion by melanin-producing pathogens.
What is transverse melanonychia?
Melanonychia is a result of increased melanin deposition in the growing nail beds. Transverse, longitudinal and diffuse form of melanonychia have been described. 1 The mechanism of melanonychia can be due to melanocytic activation or melanocytic hyperplasia.
How is oral Melanosis treated?
In conclusion, cryotherapy has been described as the most suitable treatment options for physiological oral melanosis. It is simple yet effective method for treating oral pigmentation with minimal trauma to the patient. Alternatively, lasers can be used to treat physiological oral melanosis.
What causes mucosal melanosis?
Smoker’s melanosis is a common, benign, reactive condition resulting in increased pigmentation of the oral mucosa from cigarette or pipe smoking. This process is thought to be a result of either the noxious chemicals in cigarette smoke or heat stimulating melanocytes to protectively produce melanin [2, 5, 7, 44].
What color is melanosis?
Symptoms. Typically seen on an endoscopy, melanosis coli is usually a dark brown or black color that can vary in darkness and intensity.