What is the standard treatment protocol for type 2 diabetes?
What is the standard treatment protocol for type 2 diabetes?
Metformin (Fortamet, Glumetza, others) is generally the first medication prescribed for type 2 diabetes. It works primarily by lowering glucose production in the liver and improving your body’s sensitivity to insulin so that your body uses insulin more effectively.
What is the criteria for diagnosis of diabetes?
This test checks your fasting blood glucose levels. Fasting means after not having anything to eat or drink (except water) for at least 8 hours before the test….Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG)
| Result | Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) |
|---|---|
| Normal | less than 100 mg/dl |
| Prediabetes | 100 mg/dl to 125 mg/dl |
| Diabetes | 126 mg/dl or higher |
What is diabetes cycle of care?
The diabetes annual cycle of care is a checklist for reviewing your diabetes management and general health each year. Your doctor will do this review to help you, and your diabetes health professionals manage your diabetes, and your risk of diabetes-related complications.
How is diabetes Racgp diagnosed?
Diabetes can be diagnosed on any of the following criteria:
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥7.0 mmol/L.
- 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L and/or two-hour plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L.
- Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5%/48 mmol/mol.
What is new in type 2 diabetes treatment?
A new drug to treat type 2 diabetes has received approval from federal regulators. The drug tirzepatide is a once-a-week injection that helps people manage blood glucose levels and reduce food intake. Experts say the clinical trial results indicate that tirzepatide is a promising new treatment for type 2 diabetes.
What is the peak time of metformin?
Peak plasma concentration is achieved at an average of approximately 7 hours (range is 4—8 hours) post-dose. The peak plasma level is approximately 80% that of a comparative dose of metformin immediate-release, but the AUC (total drug exposure over time) is similar.
What is metformin pharmacokinetics?
Metformin is not metabolized [5] and is excreted unchanged in the urine, with a half-life of ~5 h [6]. The population mean for renal clearance (CLr) is 510±120 ml/min. Active tubular secretion in the kidney is the principal route of metformin elimination.
What is the gold standard for diabetes diagnosis?
HbA1c has become the gold standard for monitoring glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. The use of this test has been expanded to diagnose and screen for diabetes mellitus with the endorsement of influential diabetes societies and the World Health Organization.
What is new A1C guidelines?
A normal A1C level is below 5.7%, a level of 5.7% to 6.4% indicates prediabetes, and a level of 6.5% or more indicates diabetes. Within the 5.7% to 6.4% prediabetes range, the higher your A1C, the greater your risk is for developing type 2 diabetes….Your A1C Result.
| A1C % | eAG mg/dL |
|---|---|
| 10 | 240 |
What is a GP management plan?
GP Management Plan A GPMP is a plan of action you have agreed with your GP. This plan: identifies your health and care needs; sets out the services to be provided by your GP; and. lists the actions you can take to help manage your condition.
How often should a diabetic care plan be reviewed?
All people with diabetes should undergo a diabetes care review at least once annually. Your diabetic review will allow your doctors to monitor your health. They will also use your annual review to assess aspects such as your long term blood glucose control, cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
Who OGTT guidelines?
These women should have 75g OGTT at 6 weeks or more after delivery. A venous plasma glucose cut off of ≥140 mg/dl (7.8mmol/l) at 2-hour are classified as having GDM….
| Criteria | In Pregnancy | Outside Pregnancy |
|---|---|---|
| 2hours ≥ 200 mg/dl | Diabetes Mellitus | Diabetes Mellitus |
| 2hours ≥ 140 mg/dl | GDM | IGT |
| 2hours ≥ 120 mg/dl | DGGT |
How can you tell the difference between type 1 and 2 DM?
People with type 1 diabetes don’t produce insulin. You can think of it as not having a key. People with type 2 diabetes don’t respond to insulin as well as they should and later in the disease often don’t make enough insulin. You can think of it as having a broken key.
What is better than metformin for type 2 diabetes?
Insulin remains the most effective therapy to lower glucose, particularly in comparison to most oral medicines for type 2 (including metformin).
Why is metformin taken at night?
If you’re taking extended-release metformin, you should take your dose once daily at night, with your last meal of the day. Doing so allows the drug to work properly in reducing your blood sugar level.
How long does 500mg of metformin stay in your system?
Metformin (brand name: Glucophage) will be in your system for 96.8 hours which is approximately 4 days. Metformin has an elimination half-life of approximately 17.6 hours.
What is the peak time for metformin?
Metformin reaches the highest concentration in the blood (peak concentration) 1-3 hours after taking the pill. The half-life of metformin is 2-6 hours. Half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the concentration of a drug to be reduced by 50%. However, the half-life may take up to 14 hours.
How does metformin work mechanism of action?
Its pharmacologic mechanisms of action are different from other classes of oral antihyperglycemic agents. Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.